It is really important that you look after your skates for obvious reasons - they're in constant use, they suffer wear and tear, they will affect your performance, and they can be expensive! To get the best performance and the most enjoyment out of your skates and gear, all you need to do is complete a few maintenance procedures. Either before or after each session, take five minutes to spin your wheels, wipe down your bearings and check your spacers. Making this a part of your training will help to ensure you are safe and enjoy your skating.
You may have noticed that your wheels may be wearing more to one side (usually on the inside of the foot). It may be a good idea to swap them round every so often so that they wear more evenly and you get the most out of them. Wheel wear is affected by many different factors including skating surface, frequency and length of outings, your weight, skating style and activity, temperature, weather, wheel size and shape, hardness and material of the wheels etc. So they may benefit from a regular swap around. Your wheels will benefit from a clean of the surface too. Nail varnish remover is a recommended product to get dirt a grime from the surface of the wheels, but take care to not get it on the sides of the wheel as it may also remove the logos and printing!
Bearings need to be kept clean for maximum performance, especially during outdoor skating where the environment is dustier and dirtier. If they become wet in the rain it is advisable to remove both bearings and the bearing spacer from each wheel and wipe them dry/clean. This is because if the bearings are metal, they will rust solid and will not spin! Never lubricate the outside of a bearing as it will only attract dirt. Take extra care when removing bearings from the wheel to avoid damage to the bearings. For tips on how to remove bearings see this link. Most speed skaters use ceramic or part ceramic (hybrid) bearings. Both of these types are "dry-lube" bearings and do not require any lubricant. This will only attract dirt and wear the ceramic balls quicker and is not recommended.
Ceramic bearings can be washed through with water or a solvent spray and dried throughly.
Part ceramic (hybrid) bearings can be cleaned with a solvent spray and left to dry. Do not use water because the metal race will rust! Just carefully remove the rubber seals if there are any to access the ceramic balls inside. It is not a good idea to dismantle the balls from the bearing race as they are tricky to put back in!
Your frames are usually left untouched, but an incident during a race recently saw a frame come loose from it's boot and the skater was unable to finish the race competitively. It's rare that you need to remove the frames from the boot and also not recommended once they are in the correct positioning for you, but while the wheels are off, it's always good to tighten up the bolts - just in case.